What Causes An Anal Fissure?
Severe diarrhoea, and/or the passing of large, hard stools due to constipation can cause a tear in the anal lining. Other possible risk factors include anal intercourse, childbirth, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anus that causes symptoms of severe, sharp pain, and bleeding during or after bowel movements. A burning sensation, or itchiness, can also be felt around the anus. In chronic cases, a small lump or skin tag can form near the fissure.
Severe diarrhoea, and/or the passing of large, hard stools due to constipation can cause a tear in the anal lining. Other possible risk factors include anal intercourse, childbirth, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
When the tear in the anal lining fails to heal, and becomes deeper and more severe, it will cause persistent pain and bleeding. When left untreated over time, the anal canal may stenose and faecal impaction may occur.
A physical examination of the anal region, coupled with symptoms evaluation, are required for diagnosing an anal fissure. A gentle digital rectal examination may be performed to assess the anorectal region as well.
For most acute cases of anal fissure, non-surgical care may include the use of:
Chronic anal fissures which persist more than six weeks would require surgical treatment via:
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