Gastroscopy

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Gastroscopy

What Is a Gastroscopy?

Gastroscopy, also known as upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, is a minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure used to examine the upper part of the digestive system.

It involves the use of a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope equipped with a light and camera. The endoscope is gently passed through the mouth, down the esophagus, and into the stomach and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum).

This procedure provides doctors with a clear view of the inner lining of these organs, enabling them to identify abnormalities, diagnose conditions, and perform treatments without the need for surgery.

What Is a Gastroscopy Used For?

Gastroscopy is a versatile procedure with both diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

1. Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Gastroscopy is often performed to investigate symptoms such as:

  • Persistent heartburn or acid reflux
  • Unexplained nausea or vomiting
  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Upper abdominal pain
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding (evidenced by vomiting blood or black, tarry stools)

2. Detection of Conditions

Gastroscopy can help diagnose several gastrointestinal disorders, including:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): A chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus
  • Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining
  • Ulcers: Open sores in the stomach or duodenum caused by infection or excessive acid production
  • Coeliac disease: An autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten
  • Polyps and cancers: Abnormal growths or malignancies in the upper GI tract

3. Therapeutic Applications

Beyond diagnosis, gastroscopy is used for treatments, such as:

  • Removal of polyps or foreign objects: Extracting abnormal growths or accidentally swallowed items
  • Control bleeding: Applying clips or cautery to stop bleeding ulcers or vessels
  • Biopsy collection: Taking tissue samples for further analysis, often to check for infections or rule out cancer
  • Dilation of strictures: Stretching narrowed areas in the oesophagus or stomach to improve swallowing

Seek Prompt Treatment Today

To find out more about gastroscopy and whether you need one, please contact our experienced colorectal specialist today.
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How Is a Gastroscopy Performed?

1. Preparation

  • Fasting: Patients are instructed to avoid eating or drinking for about six to eight hours before the procedure to ensure a clear view of the stomach lining.
  • Medication adjustments: Patients may need to stop certain medications, such as blood thinners, as directed by their doctor.
  • Sedation options: Most gastroscopies are performed under sedation or local anesthetic to minimize discomfort.

2. The Procedure

  • Insertion of the endoscope: The doctor gently guides the endoscope through the mouth and into the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The camera transmits real-time images to a monitor for detailed examination.
  • Air insufflation: A small amount of air is introduced to inflate the stomach, improving visibility.
  • Biopsy or treatment: If necessary, instruments are passed through the endoscope to collect tissue samples or perform treatments.
  • Duration: The procedure usually lasts 15 to 30 minutes.

3. Post-Procedure Care

  • Patients are monitored for a short time after the procedure to ensure recovery from sedation.
  • Temporary side effects may include a sore throat, bloating, or mild cramping, which usually subside within a day.
  • Normal activities can typically be resumed the following day unless instructed otherwise.

Benefits of Gastroscopy

Gastroscopy offers many advantages as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool.

Accurate Diagnosis

Gastroscopy provides direct visualization of the upper GI tract, allowing doctors to identify conditions with precision. It is particularly useful when imaging tests like X-rays or CT scans fail to provide definitive answers.

Minimally Invasive

Unlike surgical procedures, gastroscopy is non-surgical and requires no incisions. This results in less pain, quicker recovery times, and reduced risk of complications.

Early Detection of Serious Conditions

By enabling early identification of abnormalities such as polyps or malignancies, gastroscopy helps prevent the progression of disease and allow for better treatment outcomes.

Combination of Diagnosis and Treatment

Gastroscopy allows doctors to perform certain treatments during the same procedure, such as removing polyps, controlling bleeding, or taking biopsies. This removes the need for multiple procedures.

Safe and Well-Tolerated

When performed by experienced professionals, gastroscopy is a safe procedure with minimal risks.

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